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2025 Digital Nomads Index: Top Emerging Destinations

Published date:
July 17, 2025
/
Updated on:
July 17, 2025
Dean Fankhauser
Written by:
Dean Fankhauser
Reviewed by:
Radica Maneva
2025 Digital Nomads Index: Top Emerging Destinations
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We use the highest editorial standards at Movingto by ensuring every article is written by a qualified lawyer or immigration expert and fact-checked by a Portugal licensed lawyer. Learn more about our Editorial Process.

Digital nomadism isn’t a trend anymore; it’s a way of life. In 2025, the number of digital nomads worldwide is estimated at 40 to 80 million, with nearly half based in the U.S.¹ These aren’t just wanderlust-driven freelancers. They’re educated, financially stable professionals who’ve made remote work permanent.

This year also marks a shift in geography. Nomads are moving away from traditional hotspots like Bali or Lisbon and heading to emerging markets that offer better affordability, smoother visa access, and improving infrastructure.² . Over 50 countries now offer official digital nomad visas³, reflecting just how valuable this mobile workforce has become.

Remote work isn’t slowing down. Millions of Americans now work fully remote, and many would take a pay cut to keep that flexibility.⁴ That freedom has made global living a real option, but the lifestyle comes with new challenges, like managing taxes, healthcare, and connectivity.

Internet access remains critical. While speeds are improving worldwide, service quality still varies widely.⁷ Meanwhile, healthcare has become a top concern. Public systems often don’t cover foreigners, so private insurance is now essential, especially in destinations like Mexico¹⁰ and Brazil⁹.

Safety is also being weighed more seriously. While some cities like Cape Town¹³ and parts of Mexico¹² raise red flags, others offer a strong balance of security and lifestyle benefits.¹⁴

In short, digital nomadism in 2025 is smarter, more strategic, and built for the long term.

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The Global Digital Nomad Profile in 2025

Digital nomads in 2025 aren’t just remote workers with passports. They represent a fast-growing, increasingly professional segment of the global workforce.

What was once considered a niche or novelty is now a mainstream, economically significant lifestyle shaped by clear demographic patterns and work behaviours.

Who Are Digital Nomads in 2025?

By current estimates, between 40 and 80 million people identify as digital nomads globally. Americans make up the largest share, with 18.1 million U.S.-based nomads accounting for 44% of the total population. That’s a 147% increase since 2019¹.

The group is largely composed of Millennials, who make up 38%, and it skews heavily male at 78%.¹ Education levels are remarkably high. Around 90% of digital nomads have pursued higher education, with 54% holding a bachelor's degree and 34% a master's.¹ This paints a picture of a highly skilled, well-qualified demographic that’s not just chasing sunsets but building sustainable, career-focused lives abroad.

When it comes to work, 56% of digital nomads hold full-time positions, and 70% work 40 hours or fewer each week.¹ Lifestyle balance is clearly a priority. Financial satisfaction is also high. A full 79% say they’re very content with their income¹, showing this is more than just a dream life; it’s a financially viable one too.

Professionally, they tend to cluster in remote-friendly fields:

  • IT (19%)
  • Creative services (14%)
  • Education and training (9%)
  • Marketing, sales, and PR (9%)
  • Finance and accounting (8%)
  • Consulting, coaching, and research (7%) ¹

These industries naturally support the flexibility that digital nomads depend on, helping explain why this lifestyle is growing and becoming more established within the global economy.

Remote Work: The Engine Behind the Movement

The rise of digital nomadism is tightly linked to the explosion of remote work. What started as a pandemic workaround has turned into a lasting change in how people view and approach employment.

By 2025, 36.2 million Americans, or 22% of the workforce, are expected to work remotely. That’s an 87% jump from pre-COVID figures.²⁴

Surveys show widespread support for flexible work:

  • 92% of employees expect to work from home at least one day a week.
  • 80% expect to do so three or more days per week.
  • 23% would even take a 10% pay cut to work remotely full-time.²⁴

However, that flexibility isn’t equally distributed. Remote work is far more common among those with higher education levels, white-collar job titles, and roles in tech or other office-based industries.²³ Jobs in fields like construction, transportation, or hospitality typically offer fewer remote opportunities.

This concentration of remote-compatible roles reinforces the high level of specialisation among digital nomads. They are not generalists. Most have advanced education and work in roles that require expertise, independence, and problem-solving. As a result, they’re not just travellers. They’re a productive, skilled, and economically valuable part of the global workforce.

For countries hoping to attract them, understanding that shift is crucial. Today’s nomads are looking for fast internet, reliable infrastructure, coworking communities, straightforward visa policies, and tax clarity. The more a country can offer those essentials, the more likely it is to draw, and keep, this mobile, motivated population.

Digital Nomad Lifestyle

The digital nomad lifestyle is defined by its unparalleled flexibility and sense of adventure. For digital nomads, the world is their office—whether that means working from a sunlit café in Ho Chi Minh City, a co-working hub in Mexico City, or a quiet Airbnb in the mountains.

This lifestyle empowers digital nomads to design their own schedules, choose their ideal work environments, and pursue a better work life balance that suits their personal rhythms.

While the freedom to work from anywhere is a major draw, the digital nomad lifestyle also demands a high level of self-discipline and organization. Working remotely means taking responsibility for your own productivity, setting boundaries between work and leisure, and adapting to new routines on the fly.

For many, the rewards are well worth it: the ability to travel, meet new people, and experience life in different countries—all while maintaining a fulfilling career.

Ultimately, the digital nomad lifestyle is about more than just working remotely; it’s about embracing change, seeking out new experiences, and finding creative ways to balance work and play. With the right mindset and a commitment to self-motivation, digital nomads can thrive in this dynamic, ever-evolving way of life.

Digital Nomad Demographics and Work Trends (2025)

Category Data Point (2025)
Global Population 40 - 80 million
US Population 18.1 million Americans
Gender Distribution 78% Male, 43% Female
Generational Distribution 38% Millennials, 17% Gen Z, 23% Gen X, 13% Baby Boomers
Education Level 90% Higher Education (54% Bachelor's, 34% Master's, 3% PhD)
Work Status 56% Full-time positions, 70% work ≤ 40 hours/week
Income Satisfaction 79% Very Satisfied
Top Industries IT (19%), Creative Services (14%), Education/Training (9%), Sales/Marketing/PR (9%), Finance/Accounting (8%), Consulting/Coaching/Research (7%)

The Visa and Policy Landscape: 2025 Updates

In 2025, the global policy environment has evolved dramatically to meet the rising demand for digital mobility. Over 50 countries now offer dedicated visas or remote worker permits, a significant increase from just a few years ago. ⁵ Many of these digital nomad countries have become top destinations for remote workers, offering attractive environments and supportive policies.

This growth reflects a wider acknowledgement of the economic value digital nomads bring, prompting many governments to formalise and expand their programmes. As a result, digital nomad visa options have proliferated, giving remote workers more choices than ever before.

To help compare these opportunities, the digital nomad visa index ranks countries based on their overall suitability for digital nomads, using a unique scoring system that evaluates factors like internet quality, visa policies, cost of living, and healthcare.

The methodology behind these rankings provides a comprehensive overview of the top countries for digital nomads, ensuring transparency and depth in the analysis.

A normalization process is applied to standardize scores across countries, and this normalization process ensures comparability and fairness in the scoring system.

2025 Visa Launches and Updates

Several countries have launched new visa pathways or improved existing programmes to better accommodate remote workers:

  • Albania introduced the Unique Permit, offering stays up to one year, renewable. ²⁷
  • Armenia now grants residence permits specifically for foreign business owners. ²⁷
  • Belize rolled out its “Work Where You Vacation” programme, targeting remote professionals seeking a balance of work and lifestyle. ²⁷
  • Cape Verde created a remote working programme with financial thresholds designed for solo travellers. ²⁷
  • Croatia enhanced its digital nomad visa, now allowing stays of up to three years. ²⁷
  • Ecuador offers a two-year digital nomad visa with a modest income threshold. ²⁷
  • El Salvador joined the trend with a similar two-year visa for remote workers. ²⁷
  • Malta expanded access to third-country nationals, increasing eligibility. ²⁷
  • Taiwan launched a six-month digital nomad visa in January 2025. ²
  • The Philippines approved its long-anticipated digital nomad visa in April, allowing stays up to two years for those earning income from abroad. ²⁸
  • Vietnam has signalled its intent with the proposed “Golden Visa” and hosted its first-ever Vietnam Nomad Fest in Da Nang. In the meantime, nomads can use e-visas or business visas. ³⁰
  • Canada enables remote work through visitor visas or eTAs, with a focus on attracting global tech professionals. ²⁷
  • Antigua and Barbuda and The Bahamas continue to offer multi-year options tailored for nomads. Antigua and Barbuda digital nomad visa holders enjoy legal status and benefits such as tax exemptions during their stay. ²⁷
  • Spain recently introduced the Spanish digital nomad visa, which offers tax incentives and improved quality of life for remote workers who meet specific requirements.
  • Dubai offers the Dubai Digital Nomad Visa, a work permit allowing international remote workers and business owners to stay in Dubai for up to a year, provided they meet certain employment or business ownership criteria.
  • Indonesia is attracting digital nomads with its Bali digital nomad visa; the Indonesian government has launched initiatives and visa policies to support remote workers and encourage them to stay longer.

Financial and Policy Requirements

While application processes tend to require basics like a valid passport, proof of remote work, accommodation details, and health insurance, income requirements vary widely. Visa income requirements are a key factor in evaluating which countries are most suitable for digital nomads, as they directly impact eligibility.

Minimum income requirements are commonly used as a criterion for digital nomad visas, ensuring applicants can support themselves. Many countries specify a minimum monthly income as an eligibility requirement for their digital nomad visa programs. Monthly income is a standard requirement, with thresholds such as:

  • Albania: $9,800/year
  • Belize: $75,000 (individual), $100,000 (couples/families)
  • Cape Verde: €1,500 average bank balance (past 6 months)
  • Malta: €42,000/year
  • Croatia: €2,500/month
  • Ecuador: $1,380/month
  • El Salvador: $1,460/month
  • Mexico: $3,700–$4,400/month or proof of savings³²
  • Brazil: $1,500/month or $18,000 in savings³³
  • South Africa: R650,796/year (approx. $34,000 USD) ³⁴

Most countries also require a clean criminal record and valid health insurance, prioritising public safety and responsible migration.

Some digital nomads initially enter a country on a tourist visa or tourist visas, but these typically do not permit remote work and are limited in duration. Many later transition to digital nomad visas or other permits that allow legal remote work and longer stays.

Some nations, like Portugal, offer multiple residency options (e.g., D7 and temporary-stay visas), adding flexibility. ⁵

About 60% of these programmes do not restrict by nationality or profession, making them accessible to a broad audience. ⁴

Strategic Policy Goals

This explosion of nomad-focused policies isn’t just about tourism, it’s a calculated economic strategy. Emerging markets are using digital nomad visas to attract high-earning individuals who spend more than typical tourists but don’t require long-term integration into public systems. ²⁷

Tourism popularity is now a key factor in how attractive a destination is for digital nomads, as well-developed tourism sectors offer better experiences and accessibility.

For example:

  • The Philippines aims to “diversify tourism”, “stabilise revenue”, and increase spending during off-peak seasons. ²⁹
  • Canada targets global talent, particularly in the tech sector. ²⁷

Many countries are also introducing tax incentives to attract remote workers, offering favorable tax policies and schemes that reduce the tax burden for expatriates and digital nomads.

These policies also respond to broader economic shifts, from slowing global growth ³⁶ to changing travel patterns. ²⁵ Countries are now competing not just for tourists but for highly mobile, economically productive individuals.

That competition is pushing governments to not only offer visas but also improve infrastructure, legal clarity, and lifestyle amenities to remain attractive.

Comparative Digital Nomad Visa Requirements

Country Visa Name (if applicable) Min. Monthly/Annual Income Initial Visa Length Renewal Option Key Additional Requirements
Albania Unique Permit $9,800 (annual) 1 year Yes Valid passport, remote work, clean criminal record, health insurance, accommodation proof
Belize Work Where You Vacation $75,000 (individual), $100,000 (couple/family) N/A N/A Valid passport, remote work, notarized banking reference, clean criminal record, travel insurance
Brazil Digital Nomad Visa $1,500 (monthly) OR $18,000 (savings) 1 year Yes (1 year) Valid passport, remote work proof, health insurance, clean criminal record
Canada Visitor Visa / eTA N/A 6 months N/A Valid passport, remote work proof, bank statements, criminal record certificate, international health insurance
Croatia Digital Nomad Visa €2,500 (monthly) 3 years N/A Valid passport, remote work, health insurance, clean criminal record, accommodation proof
Ecuador Digital Nomad Visa $1,380 (monthly) 2 years N/A Valid passport, remote work, health insurance, clean criminal record
El Salvador Digital Nomad Visa $1,460 (monthly) N/A N/A Valid passport, remote work, health insurance, clean criminal record
Malta Digital Nomad Visa €42,000 (annual) N/A N/A Valid passport, remote work, health insurance, clean criminal record
Mexico Temporary Resident Visa $3,700–$4,400 (monthly) OR significant savings 1–4 years Yes Valid passport, income/savings proof, passport photo, legal permit (if applicable)
Philippines Digital Nomad Visa TBD 1 year Yes (1 year) Valid passport, remote work, income from outside PH, health insurance, clean criminal record, reciprocity
South Africa Remote Work Visitor Visa R650,796 (annual) Up to 3 years Yes Valid contract with foreign employer
Taiwan Digital Nomad Visa N/A 6 months N/A Proof of remote employment, income thresholds
Vietnam Golden Visa (Planned) Significant assets/income (TBD) Long-term (TBD) TBD Currently using e-visa or business visa as interim options

Economic Realities: Cost of Living and Financial Considerations

For digital nomads in 2025, where you live matters just as much as how you work.

Countries with a relatively low cost of living are especially appealing, making them top choices for digital nomads seeking affordable destinations.

Cost of living is no longer just a budget line, it’s a strategy. And that strategy is pushing many nomads to think beyond the obvious.

Global Cost of Living: A Tale of Two Worlds

The U.S. average cost of living index sits at 70.4, with cities like San Francisco (90.5) and Los Angeles (80.1) remaining top-tier expensive. ⁴⁰

In cities like New York, where rent for a one-bedroom exceeds $4,000, a comfortable lifestyle demands an income of over $100,000/year. ⁴¹

Similar costs echo across other global hubs **– London,**Singapore, and Sydney all require hefty budgets to sustain a comparable standard of living. ⁴¹

But outside these mega-centres, a different picture is emerging.

  • Oman is the most affordable GCC country, with living costs 26.5% lower than the UAE and rent 71.7% cheaper. Monthly costs hover around **OMR 290.**⁴².
  • Tbilisi, Georgia offers a solid balance of affordability and infrastructure, with nomads spending ~$2,204/month and rent at $829.⁸
  • Da Nang, Vietnam, is one of the cheapest digital nomad hubs globally, averaging $1,107/month, rent included. ⁹
  • Siargao, Philippines, keeps it lean at $1,236/month, with rent at just $612, about 75% cheaper than NYC. ⁴³
  • Mexico City runs close behind at $1,252/month, rent included, and is also ~75% cheaper than NYC. ⁴⁴
  • Rio de Janeiro holds firm at $2,046/month, with rent as low as $384.¹⁰
  • Cape Town, South Africa, comes in at $2,313/month, with rent around $491.¹¹
  • Budapest offers a 40–50% lower cost of living than most of Western Europe, with average monthly budgets from $1,500 to **$**1,500–$2,500.

Many Asian countries, such as Vietnam, the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, are especially popular among digital nomads for their budget-friendly cities and affordable lifestyles.

e cities offer a different kind of luxury: freedom, flexibility, and affordability.

Inflation and Economic Pressures

Global economic growth is slowing, with 2025 forecasts at 2.3% (World Bank) and 3.3% (IMF). Inflation is expected to ease globally to 4.4%, but national variations remain significant: the US and UK hover near 3%, Brazil is at 5.3%, while Turkey spikes at 35.9%.

These macro trends affect nomad planning, but so do localised market shifts. For instance, an influx of Russian migrants into Tbilisi has driven up costs, especially for housing and dining.

Therefore, although a country may appear budget-friendly on paper, practical economics can reveal a different picture.

Financial Tactics: Geoarbitrage and Tax Strategy

Many nomads are leaning into geoarbitrage, earning high-market salaries (like those in New York or London) while living in low-cost regions. ⁴⁷ The result? This leads to increased savings, increased travel opportunities, and increased freedom.

But earning globally comes with tax complexity. Here’s how savvy nomads are staying ahead:

  • Tax-friendly countries: Some places tax only local income or have lenient foreign income rules. ⁴⁸
  • Work tax free options: Certain countries, such as Indonesia with its Bali digital nomad visa, allow remote workers to work tax free for up to five years if their income is foreign-sourced and they do not work for a local company.
  • Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs): These prevent being taxed twice on the same income. ⁴⁸
  • Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE): US citizens can exclude a portion of foreign-earned income from taxation. ⁴⁸
  • Time-based tax avoidance: Staying in a country under 183 days is a common tactic, though some countries (like Brazil) now link visa issuance to tax residency, complicating this approach. ⁴⁸

What’s clear in 2025 is that nomads are becoming more financially strategic. Many are no longer chasing Instagram moments; they’re optimising for lifestyle and longevity.

There’s a visible split between those willing to pay for premium experiences in iconic cities and those maximising ROI in low-cost hubs. Both are valid paths, but understanding the economics behind each one is now essential.

Cost of Living Index: Major Digital Nomad Cities (2025)

City, Country Nomad Est. Monthly Cost (USD) 1-Bedroom Apt. Rent (City Center) (USD) CoL Index (NYC = 100%) Key Cost Notes
New York, NY, USA N/A >$4,000 100 Requires $100k annual salary for comfort
San Francisco, CA, USA N/A >$3,500 90.5 Tech industry demand, groceries 30% higher than national avg.
London, UK N/A ~£2,000 (~$2,500) N/A High public transport cost, progressive tax system
Singapore N/A >SGD 3,500 (~$2,600) N/A Consistently among most expensive globally
Sydney, Australia N/A AUD 2,800 (~$1,850) N/A Most expensive in Australia due to housing
Oman ~$720 N/A 26.5% lower than UAE Most affordable in GCC, rent 71.7% lower than UAE
Tbilisi, Georgia $800 – $2,204 $829 N/A Prices risen significantly, still affordable vs. Europe
Da Nang, Vietnam $1,107 $419 N/A Affordable, low cost of living
Siargao, Philippines $1,236 $612 25 (75% cheaper than NYC) Low cost of living
Mexico City, Mexico $1,252 – $2,000 $663 – $1,240 25 (75% cheaper than NYC) Affordable, dynamic city
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil $2,046 $384 N/A Affordable, vibrant culture
Cape Town, South Africa $2,313 $491 N/A High quality of life for fraction of cost
Budapest, Hungary $1,500 – $2,500 N/A N/A 40–50% lower CoL than Western Europe

Quality of Life: Health, Safety, and Environment

For digital nomads, quality of life goes far beyond Wi-Fi speed and rental costs.

Cultural diversity is also a key factor, as cities with vibrant and inclusive communities offer a richer experience for remote workers. Destinations like Thailand are especially appealing due to their rich culture, including historical sites, traditional cuisine, and unique local customs.

In 2025, health, safety, and environmental conditions are increasingly shaping where nomads choose to live and work.

Healthcare Systems and Insurance for Nomads

A growing number of visa programmes now require proof of health insurance, and with good reason. In many digital nomad hotspots, public healthcare systems either don’t extend coverage to foreigners or offer limited, delayed services.

Take Georgia, for instance: locals benefit from the universal programme, but foreigners must pay out-of-pocket or get private insurance.

In Mexico, public systems like IMSS and INSABI don’t always cover non-citizens or pre-existing conditions. ¹⁶

Brazil’s public healthcare (SUS) is free but stretched thin, especially outside major cities. ¹⁷

That’s why most nomads turn to private insurance. International plans like SafetyWing’s Complete Plan or AXA Global Healthcare cover everything from emergencies to mental health and maternity. ¹⁷ They’re not cheap, up to $5,000/year, but they offer peace of mind.

Local plans, like those in Georgia, can be more affordable (around $280–$320/year). ¹⁵ Global healthcare systems are still grappling with wait times and clinician burnout, making flexible, fast-access coverage more important than ever. ¹⁴.

Global Peace and Safety Index (2025)

According to the Global Peace Index, global peacefulness is in decline; 94 of 163 countries worsened in 2025. ¹⁸

Yet Western and Central Europe remain standouts, with Iceland, Finland, Denmark, and Portugal among the most peaceful.

Meanwhile, conflict hotspots such as South Sudan and Kashmir continue to pose significant safety risks.

For nomads, safety varies drastically across popular destinations:

  • Mexico City has improved slightly, but organised crime remains an issue. Stick to well-known areas, use official taxis, and keep a low profile.
  • Rio de Janeiro sees rising hybrid crimes, cable theft, digital fraud, and violent crime. Yet many nomads manage well with street smarts and area awareness. ²⁰
  • Cape Town reports high murder rates in certain neighbourhoods due to gang violence. Caution is critical, especially at night. ²¹
  • Tbilisi, on the other hand, ranks high in safety indices. Petty crime is rare, and the city is generally peaceful. ²²
  • Da Nang is also a standout for safety, with low crime and visible policing.
  • Siargao is laid-back but not without risk; petty theft can occur, and cybersecurity is weak across the Philippines. VPNs are a must.

Air Quality and Environmental Factors

Pollution is becoming a bigger factor in nomads’ destination choices. In 2025, the most polluted countries include:

  • India (AQI 155)
  • Senegal (129)
  • Italy (126)
  • Nepal (125)
  • Democratic Republic of Congo (120)

On the flip side, air quality is notably better in:

  • Thailand (14)
  • Taiwan (17)
  • China (17)
  • Brazil (19)
  • Norway (22)

Many nomads are leaning toward eco-conscious destinations; places like Lisbon, Da Nang, and Ubud are gaining popularity for their sustainable amenities, walkability, and green coworking spaces. ³

Climate Comfort in Key Hubs

Weather plays a major role in well-being. Here's a quick climate snapshot of popular nomad cities:

  • Tbilisi, Georgia – Continental climate. Warm summers (avg. 25.4°C) and chilly winters (avg. 2.7°C).
  • Da Nang, Vietnam – Tropical monsoon. Wet from Sept to Dec; dry from Jan to Aug. Avg. 26°C.
  • Siargao, Philippines – Tropical year-round. Hottest in May (29°C), rainiest in June.
  • Mexico City – Mild, with wet and dry seasons. Temps range from 43°F to 80°F.
  • Rio de Janeiro – Warm all year. Summers up to 31°C, winters mild (16–25°C). Rain peaks Dec–Mar.
  • Cape Town – Mediterranean-like. Dry, warm summers; cool, wet winters. Temp range 48°F–76°F. Windy year-round.

Taxation and Compliance: Navigating Global Obligations

As digital nomad visas become formalised, so do the responsibilities that come with them. The most significant of these responsibilities is taxation.

For many nomads, staying compliant across multiple countries is not just a legal necessity; it’s a strategic financial challenge.

Tax Residency: When and Where You Owe Taxes

In most countries, spending 183 days or more in a 12-month period makes you a tax resident. That means you're likely on the hook for taxes on your global income, not just money earned locally.

Some countries make such payments automatic. Brazil, for instance, grants tax residency to anyone with a visa. If you're there legally, you're expected to file a yearly Imposto de Renda sobre Pessoa Física (IRPF).

Similarly, South Africa’s Remote Work Visa brings tax consequences: if you're physically present and earning income, even from abroad, that income is usually taxable. Stay long enough, and you could be taxed on everything you earn worldwide.

For U.S. citizens, taxation is based on citizenship, not residency. You must file U.S. taxes no matter where you live. While tools like the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) and Foreign Tax Credit (FTC) help reduce what you owe, you still have to report everything.

In contrast, some places, like Hong Kong, Panama, and even Mexico—offer more favourable setups. They may tax only locally sourced income or apply progressive rates with generous deductions. In Mexico, for instance, income tax ranges from 1.92% to 35%, plus a 16% VAT on many services.

Tax Optimisation Tactics (and Traps)

Smart nomads don’t just comply - they plan. Here’s how many manage their tax footprint:

  • Choose tax-friendly countries: Look for places with territorial tax systems or generous exemptions for foreign income.
  • Use Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs): These treaties prevent you from being taxed twice on the same income. Understanding which DTAs your home country has is key.
  • Max out exclusions and credits: U.S. citizens can use the FEIE to shield a large portion of foreign-earned income and the FTC to offset taxes paid abroad.
  • Watch your calendar: Limiting your stay under 183 days used to help avoid residency. But long-term visas, often lasting 1 to 2 years, make this trickier. Many of them automatically trigger tax residency.

But it’s not just individuals who face tax risks.

Foreign employers can get into trouble if their remote workers create a “Permanent Establishment” (PE). This happens when a nomad sets up a home office, signs contracts, or engages in business activities that link the company to the local economy. If that happens, the employer might owe local corporate taxes and face withholding obligations, even if they’re based in another country.

In countries like South Africa, employers may also be expected to contribute to national funds like the Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF) and Skills Development Levy (SDL), just because their employee is working remotely within the country.

The Tax Trade-Off of Legal Residency

Digital nomad visas give you structure, legal protections, and access to local services. However, these visas often carry hidden tax implications.

Countries that advertise "tax-free foreign income" may not provide a complete picture. If your home country taxes global income or if your visa automatically designates you as a tax resident, that promise could unravel quickly. The risk of double taxation is real and avoiding it takes planning.

Bottom line? Don’t DIY this part. Get professional tax advice, weigh the pros and cons of residency, and build a smart tax strategy tailored to your situation. In 2025, financial planning isn’t optional for nomads; it’s essential.

Connectivity and Infrastructure: The Digital Backbone

For digital nomads, reliable internet isn’t a luxury; it’s a lifeline. In 2025, while global infrastructure has made huge leaps, actual experience on the ground still varies sharply between countries, cities, and even neighbourhoods.

Internet Speeds and the 5G Boom

As of late 2024, median global fixed broadband speeds surpassed 95 Mbps download and 51.5 Mbps upload. ⁶ In May 2025, Singapore and France had the fastest fixed internet speeds.

  • Singapore: 372.02 Mbps
  • France: 315.38 Mbps
  • UAE: 314.49 Mbps
  • Hong Kong: 310.24 Mbps

Other top performers include Chile, Iceland, the U.S., South Korea, Switzerland, and Thailand, all with 247+ Mbps download speeds.

Mobile speeds are catching up fast, too. The global median mobile internet speed reached 61.52 Mbps, and currently, 26 countries exceed 100 Mbps. The UAE, in particular, leads with an eye-popping 441.89 Mbps, the fastest mobile internet in the world. ⁶

The 5G rollout has reached a significant milestone. By April 2025, over 2.25 billion 5G connections will exist globally, growing four times faster than 4G ever did. Commercial 5G Standalone (SA) networks are now live in 131 countries, and global 5G (NSA + SA) covers 51% of the world’s population.

Leaders in 5G coverage include:

  • South Korea: 100%
  • Japan: 99.2%
  • Norway/Iceland: 99.0%
  • United States: 97%
  • EU (avg.): 94.3% household coverage

In parallel, Wi-Fi 7 and the 10G platform are rolling out, promising ultra-fast speeds, low latency, and better performance for immersive apps.

The Role of Co-working and Local Access

Despite fast national averages, local internet access isn’t always equal, and that’s where co-working and co-living spaces come into play. These hubs are now essential infrastructure for nomads, offering reliable Wi-Fi, work-friendly setups, and instant community. ³

But real-world speeds can lag in even the most popular nomad spots:

  • Da Nang, Vietnam: Coworking speeds often exceed 30 Mbps, but citywide averages are closer to 10 Mbps.
  • Tbilisi, Georgia: ~15 Mbps average⁸
  • Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: ~14 Mbps average¹⁰
  • Cape Town, South Africa: ~9 Mbps average¹¹
  • Siargao, Philippines: Spotty service, regular blackouts, “one of the worst” in Southeast Asia

That said, coworking spaces in these cities often offer much better connectivity than public or residential options. Nomads also frequently rely on portable Wi-Fi, unlimited local SIMs, or data hotspots to stay online.

The gap between advertised national speeds and local experiences highlights an ongoing "last-mile" challenge. In many emerging destinations, investment in digital infrastructure is growing, but patchy coverage remains outside business hubThis situation creates a demand for localised solutions specifically designed for nomads.ns.

In summary, while fast national averages are important, it's crucial to ensure seamless uploading of files from Airbnb or seamless Zoom calls from a café.

That’s why infrastructure – not just connectivity – is becoming one of the top decision factors for nomads in 2025.

Global Internet Speed Rankings

Rank Country Average Download Speed (Mbps) Key Notes
1 Singapore 372.02 Government enhancing network to 10 Gbps by 2028
2 France 315.38 Continuous upgrades to national broadband, fiber expansion
3 United Arab Emirates 314.49 Commitment to smart cities, rapid telecommunications modernization
4 Hong Kong (SAR) 310.24 Urban density, significant investment in connectivity
5 Chile 297.75
6 Iceland 297.50 Commitment to fiber optic networks, reaching remote areas
7 United States 289.34 Held back by infrastructure gap between major cities and rural areas
8 South Korea 288.54
9 Switzerland 257.38
10 Denmark 255.82
11 Romania 254.17
12 China 251.62
13 Israel 249.03
14 Spain 248.12
15 Thailand 247.60

Emerging Digital Nomad Destinations for 2025

The digital nomad landscape in 2025 is undergoing a profound shift. As traditional hubs like Bali, Chiang Mai, and Lisbon grapple with surging prices, overtourism, and increasingly restrictive visa regulations, nomads are looking elsewhere.

This has sparked a wave of “value migration”, a movement toward destinations that offer more bang for the buck, with better cost efficiency, less congestion, and growing community support.

These new contenders are not just cheaper; they’re actively welcoming remote workers. With improved infrastructure, competitive digital nomad visa programs, and a lifestyle that blends comfort with cultural intrigue, emerging markets are redefining where and how digital nomads live. The next generation of hubs is global, diverse, and surprisingly ready.

Destination Cost of Living (Monthly) Internet Speed Safety Healthcare Climate Community & Infrastructure
Tbilisi, Georgia $2,204
Rent: $829
15 Mbps avg
Fast in coworking spaces
Very safe, low petty crime Private insurance required (local ~$300) Hot summers, cold winters (avg 13.8°C) Strong nomad scene, great coworking culture
Da Nang, Vietnam $1,107
Rent: $419
30–50 Mbps
Reliable in cafes
Low crime, very safe Basic care; private insurance advised Tropical monsoon, avg 26°C Growing scene, beach lifestyle, Nomad Fest host
Siargao, Philippines $1,236
Rent: $612
Unreliable overall
Good in coworking spaces
Generally safe, VPN recommended Private travel health insurance essential Tropical, 26–29°C Surf culture, tight-knit community
Mexico City, Mexico $1,252–$2,000
Rent: $663–$1,240
50–100 Mbps in coworking
25–60 Mbps cafes
Stick to safe areas (Roma, Condesa) Private insurance recommended Mild year-round (6–27°C) Large nomad scene, lots of events & coworking
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil $2,046
Rent: $384
14 Mbps avg
Good in major hubs
Use caution; avoid risky zones Public overburdened; private care preferred Tropical, avg 22°C Growing nomad culture, scenic lifestyle
Cape Town, South Africa $2,313
Rent: $491
Fast fiber in cities
Load shedding issues
High crime in some areas International insurance required Warm summers, cool winters (48°F–76°F) Nature + coworking, great lifestyle balance

Conclusions and Recommendations

Digital nomadism in 2025 is fully professionalised, with growing visa options, tax complexities, and evolving priorities. Legal residency often brings tax obligations, making financial planning essential.

While global internet speeds improve, local gaps persist; coworking spaces and portable Wi-Fi remain crucial. Quality of life, including healthcare, safety, climate, and community, now plays a central role in destination choice.

Nomads should:

  • Research beyond headlines
  • Secure robust health insurance
  • Get tax/legal guidance
  • Prioritise strong connectivity
  • Engage local communities

Countries should:

  • Streamline visa/tax systems
  • Improve last-mile internet
  • Promote safety, sustainability, and inclusion

Sources

  1. Digital Nomad Statistics You Should Know 2025 – Pumble
  2. Top Emerging Markets for Digital Nomads in 2025 – Emerging Markets Today
  3. Global Digital Nomad Report – Global Citizen Solutions
  4. Statistics On Remote Workers That Will Surprise You (2025) – Apollo Technical
  5. 49 Digital Nomads Statistics 2025 – Demand Sage
  6. 73 Digital Nomad Visa Countries in 2025 – Citizen Remote
  7. Digital 2025: Quicker Connections, Accelerated Access – DataReportal
  8. Cost of Living in Tbilisi in Jul 2025 – Nomads.com
  9. What is the Best Travel Insurance for Digital Nomads in Brazil? – NextStopBrazil
  10. Digital Nomads' Guide to Health Insurance Options in Mexico – Pacific Prime
  11. Philips Future Health Index 2025 – Philips
  12. Mexico's Peace Challenges in 2025 – Vision of Humanity
  13. Crime Stats: Cape Town Remains Among SA's Deadliest Cities – Daily Maverick
  14. World's Most Peaceful Country 2025 – Global Peace Index – Global Finance Magazine
  15. World Economic Outlook – International Monetary Fund (IMF)

How we reviewed this article

All Movingto articles go through a rigorous review process before publication. Learn more about the Movingto Editorial Process.

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